百老匯音樂劇：一種結合了音樂、舞蹈和口語對話的流派，由喬治·M·科漢、傑羅姆·科恩、理查德·羅傑斯、奧斯卡·漢默斯坦二世和安德魯·勞埃德·韋伯等著名作曲家和作詞家創作。
布魯斯：一種具有濃厚口傳傳統的流派，代代相傳，沒有正式的記譜。
爵士樂：主要依靠即興創作，很少需要書面音樂。
客廳歌曲：20 世紀初流行的一種流派，作為家庭演奏的樂譜出售。
Tin Pan Alley：紐約市的一個歷史街區，流行音樂在這裡創作和出版。
標誌性歌曲：
查爾斯哈里斯的《舞會之後》
哈利馮蒂爾澤的《金色鳥籠裡的一隻鳥》
喬治·格甚溫的《天鵝》
歐文柏林的《上帝保佑美國》和《白色聖誕節》
傑羅姆·科恩《表演船》中的《老人河》
羅傑斯和漢默斯坦的多部音樂劇中的“哦，多麼美麗的早晨”、“你永遠不會獨行”、“某個迷人的夜晚”、“了解你”和“攀登每一座山”。
流行音樂從口頭傳統到書面記譜和商業化的演變。
Tin Pan Alley 在塑造美國音樂產業方面的作用。
百老匯音樂劇的發展及其對流行文化的影響。
有影響力的作曲家和作詞家對美國音樂景觀的貢獻。
版權法在保護音樂家和出版商權利方面的重要性。
科技對音樂產業的影響，從樂譜到錄音和數位下載。
百老匯音樂劇的持久吸引力及其適應時代變化的能力。
Broadway Musical: A genre combining music, dance, and spoken dialogue, with notable composers and lyricists like George M. Cohan, Jerome Kern, Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II, and Andrew Lloyd Webber.
Blues: A genre with a strong oral tradition, passed down through generations without formal notation.
Jazz: Primarily relies on improvisation, with little need for written music.
Parlor Song: A genre popular in the early 20th century, sold as sheet music for home performance.
Tin Pan Alley: A historic district in New York City where popular music was composed and published.
Iconic Songs:
"After the Ball" by Charles Harris
"Only a Bird in a Golden Birdcage" by Harry von Tilzer
"Swanee" by George Gershwin
"God Bless America" and "White Christmas" by Irving Berlin
"Old Man River" from "Show Boat" by Jerome Kern
"Oh, What a Beautiful Morning," "You'll Never Walk Alone," "Some Enchanted Evening," "Getting to Know You," and "Climb Every Mountain" from various Rodgers and Hammerstein musicals.
The evolution of popular music from oral tradition to written notation and commercialization.
The role of Tin Pan Alley in shaping the American music industry.
The development of Broadway musicals and their impact on popular culture.
The contributions of influential composers and lyricists to the American musical landscape.
Additional Insights
The importance of copyright laws in protecting the rights of musicians and publishers.
The impact of technology on the music industry, from sheet music to recordings and digital downloads.
The enduring appeal of Broadway musicals and their ability to adapt to changing times.
The genre of American popular music usually has a large proportion of oral transmission. The origin of the blues is the folk song tradition. It is a kind of music that is passed down from generation to generation with almost no notation. The vast majority of jazz does not require notation and relies only on improvisation. Therefore, by definition, the essential core of jazz does not include the use of notation. But some popular music is the opposite and requires notation. Parlor song captured mainstream music lovers in the United States in the early 20th century and was published and sold in the form of notation and printing. This is music you can buy and own.
Imagine, before there were gramophones, radios, and MP3 players, how could you listen to the latest pop songs and choose the genre you liked? They made demos of the music and put them in local music stores, and the songs were available in the stores. The salesman played and sang, like a young Gershwin (see Chapter 33). Each song is written as a score for voice and piano accompaniment and can be purchased as sheet music, usually a large folded sheet containing four pages (printed on both sides). After buying this song, one can sing and play along with the piano at home. In this way, middle-class Americans at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, before the advent of the recording industry, were able to enjoy the latest popular music in their own homes.
Tinker Alley: Pioneers of Broadway
In those years, the largest concentration of music stores in the United States was in an area of New York near Broadway and 28th Street. Because of the large number of noisy song salesmen in the area, the sound they produced sounded like a group of people clanging tin cans, and the area was nicknamed "Tin Pan Alley" (Tin Pan Alley). Pan Alley). The prototype of the American "music industry" was born here. Many large stores in Kepanxiang have both "resident" composers who can write new songs quickly, and publishers who can print them out as single sheets of music at the same time. Copyright laws were strengthened at the time, and some songs achieved great commercial success. Charles Harris's "After the Ball" (1892) earned its publisher $25,000; Harry von Tilzer's "Only a Bird in a Golden Birdcage" (1900) Two million copies were sold in the first year. Although Gershwin was still an unknown person at the time, his "Swanney" (1919) still earned him $10,000 in the first year. At that time, the average annual income of an American family was only a little more than $1,000. The most successful composer at the turn of the century was Irving Berlin. He wrote approximately 3,000 songs, including "God Bless America" and "White Christmas" (which Crosby recorded in 1942 and sold 40 million copies, the largest sales of a single in history), and " There is no industry like entertainment.” Indeed, Dingpanjuan's songs are geographically and commercially tied to New York's "entertainment industry" neighborhood, whose center is just a few blocks away from 42nd Street.
broadway musical
Broadway musicals (also known as musical comedies) are a form of popular musical drama in the United States that rose rapidly after 1800. The musical is based on a "book" (script), which includes "lyrics" (rhyming poems used for songs). Most of the dialogue in the musical is spoken, but the emotional climax is still sung. The earliest Broadway musicals were written by native Americans, most notably George M. Cohan (Jone Jones, Jr., 1906, including "A Tribute to Broadway") and Jerome Cohen ( Show Boat, 1927). What people never tire of listening to in "Show Boat" is its iconic song "Old Man River". The most notable feature of this song is that it has a unique temperament of American music, especially blues, jazz and black spirituals. .
The collaboration between composer Richard Rogers (1902-1979) and poet Oscar Hammerstein (1895-1960) marked the beginning of the golden age of American musicals. In less than two decades, this talented creative team wrote a series of heavyweight musicals: starting with "Oklahoma" (1943), followed by "Carousel" (1945), "South Pacific" (1949), "The King and I" (1951), and ended with "The Sound of Music" (1959). Their success was unprecedented: "Oklahoma" opened for 2,248 performances, and "The King and I" ran for 4,625 performances. Rodgers and Hammerstein struck gold with the Broadway Songbook (a printed collection of musical theater standards) by mixing tasteful lyrics (even the sentimental ones) with emotive melodies (even the square ones). ) is filled with such staples as "Oh, What a Beautiful Morning" (from "Oklahoma"), "You'll Never Walk Alone" (from "Carousel"), "Somebody's Fantastic" "Enchanted Night" (from "South Pacific"), "Getting to Know You" (from "The King and I"), "Climb Every Mountain" (from "The Sound of Music") - all Rodgers and Hammerstein Created.
At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, the Broadway stage was dominated by the Englishman Andrew Lloyd Webber ("Mrs. Peron," "Cats," "Starlight Express" and "The Phantom of the Opera"). His works not only created A captivating melody, and dazzling stage effects - a spectacular Broadway scene. Today, diversity seems to be the watchword of Broadway. It offers revivals of early American musicals (Cole Porter's "All's Lost" and Gershwin's "Porgy and Bess"), evergreen productions in the traditional mold ("Chicago" and "Witches" "), adaptations of popular movies ("Sisters," "The Lion King"), musicals based on older hits ("Jersey Boys," "Memphis," "Mamma Mia"), and even Musicals with religious themes ("The Book of Mormon" and "Miracles"). To get to the heart of Broadway musicals, let's examine three of the most popular and commercially successful musicals of the second half of the 20th century,